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Viable Sampling

Viable sampling requires the collection of a sample, which is then cultured (grown) in a laboratory setting. This is done because the viability of the mold spores to grow and create a colony is needed for proper examination. Viable mold sampling usually allows identification of mold spores to the species level, making it an ideal option if you want to determine the presence or absence of a particular species, such as Stachybotrys or Penicillium species, which are indicators of poor indoor air quality.

It's important to note that viable mold sampling cannot detect dead spores, which may be a downside because dead spores can still cause allergic reactions and, in some people, respiratory distress and sensitivities. 

Viable particles primarily come from humans as they can exist anywhere, including on humans, tools, materials, ingredients, and equipment. Therefore, it is crucial to examine gowning protocols and cleaning procedures to maintain the cleanliness of the room, and humans need to be gowned appropriately and ensure their hygiene.

Non-viable sampling is a method that involves using a filter membrane or tape to detect mold spores and hyphal fragments without the need to grow or culture them. This means that the sampling process is not affected by the viability of the spores to grow (be cultured).

The non-viable method of sampling provides a general idea of how contaminated the air is in an affected area by counting the total number of spores present in the sample.

Nonviable particles can also enter the room environment through human error, poor gowning practices, cleaning protocols, and mechanical wear. 

 Both can cause product recalls and contamination.